2021.08.13

INDUSTRY NEWS - 2021.08.13



1、疫情下越南紡織訂單真的回流中國了?看看越南企業怎麼說

越南疫情進一步爆發蔓延,近期單日新增確診病例近萬例,19城繼續封鎖;工業生產受阻,大量工廠關閉;港口擁堵嚴重,堆場已近飽和,凱萊港(Cat Lai)和越南新港蓋梅國際港碼頭(TCIT)通知暫停接收進出口集裝箱。

上半年紡織服裝出口增長20%+

海外網8月6日電根據越南衛生部5日公佈的資訊,越南新增新冠肺炎確診病例7244例,其中,本土病例7239例,境外輸入病例5例。

據《越南青年報》報導,越南已累計確診新冠肺炎病例185057例,累計死亡病例2720例。南部疫情“震中”胡志明市新增確診病例3886例,累計確診病例為109916例。此外,平陽省報告了882例,隆安省715例,同奈省358例,西寧省235例,前江省169例,同塔省114例,巴地頭頓省112例。

雖然2021年前6個月越南紡織品服裝出口總額達近190億美元,同比增長20%以上,顯示該產業的更早復蘇勢頭,但是銷售與出口方面仍然存在許多需要解決的問題。除了市場釋放的積極信號之外,Covid-19疫情的複雜形勢要求企業採取配套抗疫措施並穩定生產,今後隨時加大出口力度。

印孟緬柬訂單轉至越南

Covid-19疫情導致供應源中斷、客戶取消或延長交貨時間的近一年後,迄今越南紡織品服裝企業逐步克服困難,訂單量越來越多,經濟效果大有改善,勞動者的收入及就業機會得以保障。就10號服裝總公司的經營業績進行評估時,公司副總裁白升龍表示,今年上半年該公司營收總額達1.433萬億越盾,同比增長20%,稅後利潤為338億越盾,同比增長2.8%,這取決於該公司降低成本。由於緬甸、柬埔寨等競爭對手陷入僵局,這段時間越南獲得的訂單量很多,出口額因而上漲,有助於公司運營效益更高。

北江服裝公司總裁劉進鐘對此表示贊同。他表示,今年上半年市場好轉,訂單量上漲,有助於企業穩定生產與完成既定目標。然而,如果疫情無法早日得到控制,企業的營收額和生產效率都受損失。

按夥伴訂單加工紡織品服裝的企業將被罰款、失去加工費。因交貨緩慢而夥伴拒絕收貨的話,採用(購買原材料、生產、銷售成品)FOB生產方式的企業遭受的損失將更大。

越南紡織服裝集團(Vinatex)董事長黎進長表示,今年上半年越南紡織品服裝出口額達近190億美元,同比增長20%,超過疫情尚未發生階段的水準。這表明市場的早復蘇勢頭。預計到今年年底,甚至是2022年第三季度才能恢復到2019年的水準。這次復蘇除了來自於需求因素之外,還來自於供應鏈轉移。

具體是新冠肺炎疫情在印度、孟加拉、柬埔寨等紡織品服裝出口大國廣泛蔓延,導致企業無法運營。截至今年4月,越南做好疫情控制工作,因此企業可最大限度地提高生產速度。服裝業售價雖然較低,但訂單量還是足夠。除此之外,另外亮點還來自於紗線產業。蟬聯24個月遇到困難、需求量低,甚至有時售價還低於成本價格之後,2020年10月起,該產業出現好轉,需求量及售價都猛漲。今年上半年所取得的效果可彌補2019、2020年遭受的損失,把紗線業成為對集團貢獻率達60%以上的產業。從而,該集團的營收總額相當於同期水準,利潤完成全年計畫的70%以上,同比增長190%,是2019年的140%。

下半年疫苗接種是關鍵

Vinatex董事長黎進長表示,除了所取得的結果之外,目前各家企業正要面對由Covid-19疫情帶來的新風險,諸如服裝生產企業中出現新冠肺炎病例。該集團的多家位於南方地區的實力較強企業正要面對在隔離模式下工作的風險,勞動力參與率偏低(截至7月10日共有1萬名勞動者無法到工廠工作),優勢產品尚未復蘇,紡織品服裝業面臨的市場機會良好,但如果因疫情而不能保證進度的話,取得的經濟效益將下降。因此,為了主動生產與加強出口,要求各家企業嚴格實行防疫措施,同時在因投資短期轉移到越南而市場出現好轉時提高供應能力。合理地使用市場尚未復蘇的產品地區的生產能力,維持人力資源及最低固定成本等。

Vitas主席武德江表示,除了主動準備服務於生產的國內原材料,旨在挖掘新代自貿協定帶來的機會之外,各家企業應加強投資發展生產鏈,研究與發展市場旨在加大商品出口力度,力爭完成出口額達390億美元的目標。此外,希望政府早日控制疫情並為廣泛勞動者進行接種,旨在幫助企業穩定生產和出口活動。

興安服裝總公司董事長阮春陽表示,今年前幾個月,市場出現氣色,該公司連續獲得美國及歐盟的訂單,但生產經營效果仍然多依賴於疫情形勢。如果疫情早日得到控制,訂單量充裕的話,原有的實力將成為該公司加強生產、拓展市場的良好基礎。

除了企業的努力之外,越南各家紡織品服裝企業希望國家提早準備足夠新冠疫苗以為勞動者進行接種,避免疫情在社區傳播。從而為企業放心投資、穩定生產提供便利條件,同時出臺具體扶持政策來助推紡織品服裝輔助工業發展,建設集中型紡織品服裝工業園區等,旨在為企業發展奠定基礎。

越南紡織服裝業面臨交貨延誤和訂單流失風險

據越南《投資報》8月4日報導,越南紡織服裝協會主席武德江表示,受新冠疫情嚴重影響,越南紡織服裝業面臨嚴峻挑戰。在疫情最嚴重的南部地區,大量紡織服裝企業停產。許多企業實行“三就地”(就地生產、就地用餐、就地住宿)模式一段時間後,無法堅持下去,原因是維持生產的成本太高,生產效率低,還要安排工人吃住,壓力很大,以致許多工廠被迫停產。有的企業旗下19家工廠,由於無力實行“三就地”而被迫全面停產。目前只有紡紗、織布、印染企業能維持“三就地”模式,這些企業共同特點是大量使用機械設備,用工較少,安排工人就地食宿相對容易。但服裝生產企業用工量大,有的企業員工多達數萬人,實行“三就地”模式是不可行的。

武德江表示,南部地區紡織服裝企業普遍面臨交貨壓力。服裝生產屬於時裝行業,如不能按時交貨,服裝設計將失去其時尚價值。眼下美歐等服裝進口大國需求迅速回暖,訂單量同比增長16-17%,部分品種增幅達30%,但越南企業不能按時交貨,將面臨違約處罰和失信於人的風險,也將導致訂單流失。越南占耐克、愛迪達等品牌全球出口量的3-4成,目前正在面臨丟失份額風險。

越南工貿部表示,越南南部大量企業停工停產,已致相關省市工業生產放緩,7月胡志明市工業生產指數同比下降19.4%,隆安省下降14.6%,金甌省下降13.7%。在南部企業面臨嚴重困難同時,北部地方疫情得到緩解,北江、北寧兩省企業正在恢復生產,但工人返回率最高僅80%。第4波疫情暴發以來,許多工人返鄉避疫,將來返回工廠可能性不高。越南紡織服裝協會認為,將來即便疫情得到控制,各省市重新開放,工人返回率預計也只有60-65%。當供應鏈斷裂,越南不再是穩定市場的時候,客戶將會把訂單轉到其他國家,將嚴重影響紡織服裝業中長期發展。

資料來源:紡織網 (2021年8月11日)

2、越南疫下供應鏈癱瘓 Adidas料下半年營業額損失46億

越南新冠變種病毒嚴峻,昨日(8日)新增9,690起確診病例,創疫情爆發來單日最大增幅。現時,當地大量工業園區、工廠暫時關閉,導致生產供應鏈癱瘓。有Adidas高層近日更稱,是次供應鏈癱瘓將大幅影響Adidas下半年營業額。

據路透社報道,Adidas財務長Harm Ohlmeyer警告,越南供應鏈問題及亞洲實施封城等因素,將導致該公司下半年銷售額損失超過5億歐元(約46億港元)。Adidas上週發表財報時更稱,希望當地8月15日管制措施結束後,能重啟越南生產線,並同時正努力將部分產能轉移到其他國家,據悉現時越南佔Adidas採購量28%。

據越南投資計劃部資料顯示,上半年當地逾7萬家企業倒閉,較去年增加24.9%,其中胡志明市工業生產指數下降19.4%。另據越南紡織和服裝協會的數據,目前當地逾三成服裝廠倒閉。據航運公司Hapag-Lloyd官網公告,現時當地港口擁堵嚴重,凱萊港、越南新港蓋梅國際港碼頭亦已通知暫停接收進出口貨櫃。

 

資料來源:香港經濟日報 (2021年8月9日)

3、中國撥4680萬資助緬甸開發

緬甸外交部發表聲明指出,中國將向緬甸政府提供逾600萬美元(約4680萬港元),用於資助21個發展項目。

聲明表示,這筆中國資金將用於湄公河─瀾滄江合作框架內的項目,包括動物疫苗、文化、農業、科學、旅遊和防災。緬甸周一(9日)與中國駐緬甸大使陳海簽署協議。陳海在儀式上說,項目貼近緬甸民生發展和民眾需要,集中體現合作的初心和理念。

根據路透報道,隨着穿越緬甸的油氣管道開通,以及經濟區和大型港口開發計劃啟動,中國近年在緬甸的影響力愈來愈大。

緬甸軍方今年2月發動政變,西方國家紛紛譴責,中國則採取較溫和立場,表明最重要是維持穩定和不干涉鄰國。緬甸反軍政府人士指摘中國支持政變。

美3.9億支援抗疫

另外,西方國家繼續向緬甸提供緊急援助,美國政府周二(10日)宣布提供5000萬美元(約3.9億港元),支持緬甸救援團體應對新冠疫情。

資料來源:信報財經 (2021年8月12日)

4、舟山港疫下局部封閉 恐加劇擁堵

深圳鹽田港恢復正常運作不到兩個月,內地再有港口出現新冠疫情。寧波舟山港發現1名無徵狀感染者後,其工作的梅山港區已封閉並暫停作業。據財新網報道,另一大港上海港,隨後亦對前綫人員封閉管理。

上海港據報對前綫閉管

外界憂慮,在防控措施升級下,港口堵塞或加劇,衝擊航運。

財新網指出,受颱風與疫情雙重打擊,上述兩大港口近期生產率下降,港口擁堵嚴重,並引述資料顯示,大量船舶正在舟山港與上海港錨地等待泊位。

另據信德海事網,兩個港口正「迎接」數量空前的油輪、散貨船和貨櫃船的回程,而新冠疫情、惡劣天氣和美國強勁需求,令供應鏈再度混亂。

塞港缺櫃 中美海運價新高

上海港和寧波舟山港分別是全球最大的貨櫃港口和貨運港口,去年港口貨物吞吐量分別為5.1億噸和11.7億噸。

值得注意的是,央視財經報道,受塞港、缺櫃的影響,加上全球多間主要船公司加價,近期中美海運價再創新高,首次超越每標箱2萬美元(約15.6萬港元),令外貿企業承壓。

報道指出,中國7月貨物貿易進出口較去年同期上漲11.5%。業內人士分析,今年首7個月,中美貿易達到2.62萬億元人民幣,按年增長28.9%,是推動中美航運價格大漲另一主因。

 

資料來源:香港經濟日報 (2021年8月13日)

5、灣區「超級工程」深中通道中山大橋西主塔封頂

粵港澳大灣區「超級工程」深中通道建設又有新進展。繼主跨1666米的伶仃洋大橋雙塔封頂之後,主跨580米的中山大橋西主塔近日封頂,標誌着該橋轉入上部結構施工的快車道。記者9日從廣東交通集團獲悉,深中通道中山大橋東主塔也已施工至192米,計劃今年9月封頂,為大橋明年順利合龍夯實基礎,而深中通道全線擬於2024年建成通車。

據介紹,深中通道是集「橋、島、隧、水下互通」為一體的跨海集群工程,全長24公里,橋樑工程長約17.2公里,包括主跨1666米伶仃洋大橋、主跨580米中山大橋、長約13公里非通航孔橋等。

其中,中山大橋是全長1170米、主跨580米雙塔斜拉橋,建成後主塔將高達213.5米,相當於70層樓高。目前,中山大橋西主塔已建至206米,剩餘7.5米鋼結構塔冠待主橋鋼箱梁合龍後再安裝到塔頂。

深中通道擬2024年通車 深圳到中山車程減為20分鐘

據悉,中山大橋設有東、西兩座主塔,塔柱為鋼筋混凝土結構,整座主塔共澆築混凝土約4.2萬立方米,鋼筋用量近萬噸。而東主塔也已施工至192米,計劃9月封頂,後續中山大橋將整體轉入鋼箱梁吊裝上部結構施工階段。

按照最新工期,深中通道擬於2024年全線建成通車,屆時深圳到中山車程將從現時2小時縮短為20分鐘,大大促進粵港澳大灣區的互聯互通。

 

資料來源:文匯網 (2021年8月9日)

6、再工業化資助計劃」批出新項目 將建立兩條智能靜電紡絲生產線

港府去年7月推出「再工業化資助計劃」,旨在資助生產商在香港設立新的智能生產線。創新科技署今日(12日)表示,該計劃向本港生產商Nanoshields Technology Limited批出「建立納米纖維過濾材料的智能靜電紡絲生產線」項目,資助額為1,500萬元,生產線將設於明年在將軍澳工業邨建成的先進製造業中心。

今次獲批項目主要是建立兩條智能靜電紡絲生產線,可每年生產超過300噸用作個人防護裝備和濾水器的納米纖維過濾材料以供應全球市場。項目總支出約5,000萬元,生產商會投入3,500萬元資金。

創新科技署署長潘婷婷在項目的簽署儀式上說,該項目是首個獲批計劃最高資助額並選定在先進製造業中心設立智能生產線的項目。當局期待更多生產商申請計劃的資助發展智能生產,壯大「香港製造」的品牌。

16宗申請獲原則上支持 總資助額約1.8億

在「再工業化資助計劃」下,政府會以1(政府):2(公司)的配對形式,資助生產商在港設立智能生產線,最高資助額為項目總支出的三分之一或1,500萬元(金額以較低者為準)。計劃推出至今約一年,創新科技署共收到21宗申請。在18宗已獲評審委員會審核的申請中,16宗獲原則上支持,涉及生物科技、食品加工、建造、印刷、醫療器材和納米纖維材料等行業,總資助額約為1億800萬元。該計劃全年接受申請。

 

資料來源:香港經濟日報 (2021年8月12日)

7、Cambodia garment workers ask global brands for pandemic aid

Unions say total of $393m in wages and severance have been lost

 

PHNOM PENH -- Cambodian garment workers are demanding the world's biggest clothing companies help recover millions of dollars worth of wages and benefits lost amid the coronavirus pandemic.

Their call comes as part of a broader movement by the region's garment workers, underscoring the tough conditions facing the industry even as demand for clothing and shoes rebounds in the U.S. and other major markets.

A collective of 33 unions and labor rights groups from Cambodia this week wrote to major brands -- including Adidas, H&M, Levis, Nike, Puma, Target, Gap, C&A and VF Corp. -- calling for action.

They say $117 million in wages were lost during Cambodia's lockdown in April and May, a figure based on a study of 114 factories undertaken by local unions and the Clean Clothes Campaign.

The group calculated Cambodia's more than 700,000 garment workers were owed $393 million in outstanding wages and severance since the start of the pandemic.

One reason for the much larger number, the groups say, is that factories are failing to pay severance as stipulated in the country's labor law. The Labor Ministry last year advised factories closing because of economic hardship that they do not have to pay damages or make prior notice payments.

 

Worker rights advocate Kun Tharo said this advice violated the law but was being used by the sector's mediation mechanism to deny adequate payouts.

"While workers are not getting a decent living wage, brands need to be held accountable and come up with concrete actions," said Tharo, of the Center for Alliance of Labor and Human Rights.

The Labor Ministry did not respond to Nikkei Asia's request for comment as of publication.

Global brands, many of whom have seen their earnings sharply improve this year, say they have attempted to limit the impact of the pandemic on garment workers.

Adidas told Nikkei Asia that the German company was committed to fair wages and had helped key suppliers secure bank finance to weather the pandemic.

"The vast majority of our supplier factories [have] retained their workforce, albeit with reduced working hours due to lockdowns or suspensions," it said.

Puma, meanwhile, said the Cambodian unions' letter did not mention factories supplying Puma and that the company had sought to avoid order cancellations as much as possible.

"In Cambodia, we only canceled 0.2% of our apparel orders," a spokesperson told Nikkei Asia. "The number of factories we work with did not decrease during the pandemic."

Industry analyst Sheng Lu says brands are becoming more confident as economies recover and vaccination programs in the U.S. and Europe progress.

Nevertheless, major challenges, including uncertainty and increased costs, remain, he said.

"Everything becomes more expensive this year, from shipping and logistics cost, textile raw materials to labor," he said. "The unexpected resurgence of COVID cases in summer 2021, especially the delta variant, has caused new market uncertainties."

In Vietnam, which last year surpassed Bangladesh as the world's second biggest garment exporter after China, surging COVID-19 rates have forced 30% to 35% of the country's apparel and footwear factories to suspend operations, according to a report by the Vietnam News Agency.

In Cambodia's case, the pandemic compounds other trade woes. Last year it lost some of its European trade preferences due to human rights violations. Its exports to the EU of clothes, footwear and related products shrank 14% on the year in the first five months of 2021.

Myanmar, meanwhile, has seen the growth of its promising garment sector devastated following the military takeover in February. Year-on-year exports to Europe dropped 17% in the first five months and 2% to the U.S.

Lu, who surveyed 31 major fashion companies about the coup, said some brands had already shifted to Cambodia and were unlikely to return.

Bangladesh, the world's third-biggest clothing exporter, this week reopened factories after a two-week forced closure implemented after record COVID-19 infections and deaths.

As the region's factories struggle to return operations to normal, they should expect more uncertainty ahead, Lu said.

"Overall, the world textile and apparel trade recovery process from COVID-19 will differ from our experiences during the 2008 global financial crisis," he said. "It is the pandemic that sets the agenda."

Source: asia.nikkei.com (7 Aug 2021)

 

8、BGMEA urges buyers to nominate more shipping lines, private docks

 

The Bangladesh Garment Manufacturers and Exporters Association (BGMEA) last week urged global buyers to nominate more shipping lines and private docks to help ensure timely shipment of export containers. BGMEA president Faruque Hassan made this request during a meeting with various stakeholders, including representatives of main line operators and global buyers.

The meeting discussed ways to address a container backlog and vessel shortage that are affecting garment exports.

Hassan said many export containers loaded with garment items sit idle for as many as 10 to 15 days at their respective inland container depots before being sent to the Chattogram port.

This is to select shipping lines, freight forwarders and off-docks being nominated for the job by international buyers, he said.

Many global retailers and brands that import billions of dollars worth apparel products from Bangladesh nominate only one or two shipping lines and freight forwarders to transport their cargo, he said.

The container backlogs also occur since most international buyers chose just four or five off-docks to handle their cargo before shipping.

"This causes delays in shipment as well and exporters are forced to bear additional charges for the delay," Hasan was quoted as saying by a newspaper report in the country.

There are 19 inland container depots in and around Chattogram, where the country's premier seaport is located.

At the beginning of last month, most inland container depots were overwhelmed with export containers staying longer than usual.

During a meeting between Chittagong Port Authority (CPA) and various stakeholders on July 12, held for solving the container crisis, it was decided that the BGMEA should convince global buyers to refrain from nominating select shipping liners, freight forwarders and off-docks.

Source: www.fibre2fashion.com (9 Aug 2021)

9、Meiyume develops a manufacturing system for bespoke products

Fung Group subsidiary Meiyume has unveiled a manufacturing system dedicated to personalising beauty products as demand increases.

The system delivers small batches of made-to-order formulations tailored to the preferred active ingredients, fragrance and colour, shortening the production runs of liquid beauty products.

“The one-size-fits-all approach has given way to the ultra-personalisation model in beauty,” said Chin Wooi Cheang, executive director of global manufacturing operations at Meiyume.

“With our new offering, we can add in different elements that resonate with your brand identity and packaging finishes to give your products a bespoke touch.”

There are 60 ready-to-go formulas and packaging with turnaround times of five to seven days from order placement to delivery once set up. Customers can also customise hundreds to thousands of formulations which can be paired with Meiyume’s ready-to-go packaging solutions.

“What you get is an end product that is perceived as more sophisticated and valuable, creating greater customer stickiness,” Cheang said.

 

Source: insideretail.asia (10 Aug 2021)


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